GLOSSARY

A tiny ownership stake in a company. Buy one and you own a piece of it.

A stock's short code. e.g., Apple = AAPL, Nvidia = NVDA.

A fund holding many stocks in one basket. One share spreads you across dozens to hundreds of names.

A single number representing all or part of the market. e.g., the S&P 500.

The benchmark index of 500 large U.S. companies — often treated as 'the U.S. market.'

Cash a company pays shareholders out of its profits.

A digital currency/asset that runs without a central bank. Extremely volatile.

Betting bigger with borrowed money. Multiplies both gains and losses.

How much a price swings. Higher means both more risk and more opportunity.

Share price ÷ earnings per share. Gauges how expensive a stock is relative to its profits.

A company's total value = share price × shares outstanding. Its 'size.'

The spread of Wall Street buy/hold/sell ratings. A 'market opinion,' not the right answer.

An analyst's expected 12-month price. A forecast, not a promise.

This app's model signal-strength classification — a blend of a statistical model + SEC fundamentals, not a trade recommendation.

Comparing whether the statistical model and SEC fundamentals agree or conflict.

An estimate extending past price patterns with a formula. Not a future fact.

Paper gain/loss on something you haven't sold yet. It's 'realized' only when you sell.

Tax-advantaged accounts for long-term retirement savings.